Greek First Declension Nouns (Common Entrance 1)
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First Declension: τιμή (feminine, ending in -η)
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | τιμή | τιμαί |
| Vocative | τιμή | τιμαί |
| Accusative | τιμήν | τιμάς |
| Genitive | τιμῆς | τιμῶν |
| Dative | τιμῇ | τιμαῖς |
First Declension: χώρα (feminine, ending in -α)
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | χώρα | χῶραι |
| Vocative | χώρα | χῶραι |
| Accusative | χώραν | χώρας |
| Genitive | χώρας | χωρῶν |
| Dative | χώρᾳ | χώραις |
First Declension: θάλασσα (feminine, ending in -α)
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | θάλασσα | θάλασσαι |
| Vocative | θάλασσα | θάλασσαι |
| Accusative | θάλασσαν | θαλάσσας |
| Genitive | θαλάσσης | θαλασσῶν |
| Dative | θαλάσσῃ | θαλάσσαις |
First Declension (Masculine): κριτής and νεανίας
| Case | Singular (κριτής) | Singular (νεανίας) |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | κριτής | νεανίας |
| Vocative | κριτά | νεανία |
| Accusative | κριτήν | νεανίαν |
| Genitive | κριτοῦ | νεανίου |
| Dative | κριτῇ | νεανίᾳ |
What the Cases Do (Greek) — Important Note for Latin Students
| Case | What it shows | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | The subject case. It shows who or what is doing the action. | ἡ τιμὴ μεγάλη ἐστίν The honour is great. |
| Accusative | Shows the direct object. Also used with prepositions showing motion towards. | τὴν θάλασσαν βλέπω I see the sea. εἰς χώραν ἔρχομαι I come into the country. |
| Genitive | Shows ownership (“of”). In Greek this case also does many jobs that Latin does with the ablative (especially separation and some prepositional phrases). |
ἀπὸ τῆς θαλάσσης away from the sea (Latin would use ablative). |
| Dative | Shows “to” or “for” (indirect object). In Greek this case also does many jobs that Latin does with the ablative (means, manner, instrument, location with ἐν, accompaniment with σύν, etc.). |
τῇ μάχῃ – by means of the battle (Latin ablative of means) ἐν τῇ χώρᾳ – in the country (Latin ablative of place) σὺν τῷ νεανίᾳ – with the young man (Latin ablative of accompaniment). |